Question 1

A substance in which other substances dissolve is called a solute.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The first energy shell of an atom contains a maximum of ________ electron(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)   one
B)   two
C)   eight
D)   four
E)   sixteenF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Blood pH is closely maintained at a pH of 7.4.A patient whose blood pH drops below 7.35 is suffering from metabolic acidosis and can go into a coma.What happens to the concentration of H+ ions in a patient with a blood pH of 6.4?

Accepted Answer

A)   H+ concentration is increased 2-fold.
B)   H+ concentration is decreased 2-fold.
C)   H+ concentration is increased 10-fold.
D)   H+ concentration is decreased 4-fold.
E)   H+ concentration is decreased 10-fold.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The group of organic molecule polymers with the most complex and diverse three-dimensional structure are

Accepted Answer

A)   unsaturated fats.
B)   proteins.
C)   carbohydrates.
D)   waxes.
E)   saturated fats.F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 5

In living cells,a process by which cells break polymers down into monomers by breaking covalent bonds is

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrolysis.
B)   dehydration synthesis.
C)   reproduction.
D)   All of the answer choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Figuer:
Refer to this diagram with common examples of substances and their pH. 
+ concentrations than normal in your body. B)  a health problem due to the pH value being 10X higher OH- concentrations than normal in your body. C)  a health problem due to the pH value being 2X higher OH- concentrations than normal in your body. D)  no health risk, as part of normal pH changes in your body that in this case bring it closer to neutral pH. E)  a health problem due to the pH value being 2X higher H+ concentrations than normal in your body." class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" >
-The correct functions of your lungs contribute to the normal pH level of between 7.35 and 7.45.If your lungs do not exchange and remove carbon dioxide from your blood,the blood pH will change.A pH 6.4 reading of your blood indicates

Accepted Answer

A)   a health problem due to the pH value being 10X higher H+ concentrations than normal in your body.
B)   a health problem due to the pH value being 10X higher OH- concentrations than normal in your body.
C)   a health problem due to the pH value being 2X higher OH- concentrations than normal in your body.
D)   no health risk, as part of normal pH changes in your body that in this case bring it closer to neutral pH.
E)   a health problem due to the pH value being 2X higher H+ concentrations than normal in your body.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Trees are able to transport water from the roots to the top branches because

Accepted Answer

A)   cohesion bonds water molecules to each other strongly.
B)   adhesion bonds water molecules to the insides of the plant cells.
C)   liquid water has a higher density than the air in the plant cells of the roots, trunk and branches.
D)   water acts as a solvent of the tree cells as it moves upwards to the branches.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Given this information from one element in the periodic table of elements,the number of neutrons and protons is

Accepted Answer

A)   7, which is the atomic number indicated.
B)   7, which is the atomic mass indicated.
C)   14, which is the atomic number indicated.
D)   not discernable, because the number of electrons is also needed.
E)   14, which is the atomic mass indicated.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

You collect and measure samples of ice and surrounding ice water from a stream in the Winter.You find that you collected the same number of water molecules in each form.Water in the ice (solid) form floats in water of the liquid form because

Accepted Answer

A)   in the ice form, the same number of water molecules are found in a crystal form, yet total larger volume than the liquid water.
B)   in the ice form, the same number of water molecules are found in a solid, more compact volume than the liquid water.
C)   once the water molecules froze into ice, they became hydrophobic, and started repelling from the liquid.
D)   the ice is actively melting, since it was surrounded by the liquid water in the stream where it was collected.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Organic molecules are defined as chemical compounds that chiefly contain ______ in fairly distinct ratios and structures.

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon and oxygen
B)   carbon and nitrogen
C)   carbon
D)   carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
E)   carbon and hydrogenF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Carbon and hydrogen make up many biologically important molecules.Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55 while hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.0.On the scale of electronegativity from zero (0) to four (4) ,the carbon and hydrogens shown here have just formed

Accepted Answer

A)   a nonpolar covalent bond.
B)   a hydrogen bond.
C)   a polar covalent bond.
D)   an ionic bond.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

If a carbohydrate polymer is limited to two monomer units,such as sucrose made from glucose and fructose,it is called

Accepted Answer

A)   an oligosaccharide.
B)   a disaccharide.
C)   a polysaccharide.
D)   a monosaccharide.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Algal phytoplankton are single-celled water organisms that can do photosynthesis like plants.In a lake,summer growth of phytoplankton can change the water pH from pH 7.2 to 6.2.This change indicates all of these except

Accepted Answer

A)   the water at pH 6.2 is a stronger acid solution than before the phytoplankton growth.
B)   the water at pH 6.2 has ten times the hydrogen (H+)  concentration as before the phytoplankton growth.
C)   the water at pH 6.2 has twice the hydrogen (H+)  concentration as before the phytoplankton growth.
D)   the lake water solution changed from slightly basic to slightly acidic in pH.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

The four major groups of organic compounds are

Accepted Answer

A)   carbohydrates, lipids, steroids, and monosaccharides.
B)   lipids, fats, waxes, and steroids.
C)   carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and nucleic acids.
D)   carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
E)   fats, waxes, carbohydrates, and amino acids.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

____ bonds are formed between monomers to form a polymer.

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen
B)   Covalent
C)   Nuclear
D)   Hydrophobic
E)   IonicF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

The ring structure of glucose indicates that it is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)   disaccharide.
B)   fatty acid.
C)   monosaccharide.
D)   nucleotide.
E)   amino acid.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Many traits of organisms, such as body form and color, are controlled by specific proteins, in turn controlled by the DNA genetic sequence of nucleotides. The genetic control of color, as in aphids, does not usually shift during the life of an organism. Researchers found that some specific aphid populations shift from an original red coloration to a green coloration. Genetics could be a factor, if some programmed shift could be identified. Environmental conditions of the living and nonliving habitat could be a factor. Either way, the chemistry and observed changes of pigment molecules in the aphids can be studied with the scientific method.
-Researchers noted that only few aphids changed color to green from their original red.This is an unusual observation among any animals.What research question came out of the observations?

Accepted Answer

A)   Will green aphids change their color to red, or remain green as they age?
B)   Is the color shift of certain aphids due to genetics or some other factor?
C)   The color shift of certain aphids is due to genetics within the species.
D)   Do other aphids change colors as they age?E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Many traits of organisms, such as body form and color, are controlled by specific proteins, in turn controlled by the DNA genetic sequence of nucleotides. The genetic control of color, as in aphids, does not usually shift during the life of an organism. Researchers found that some specific aphid populations shift from an original red coloration to a green coloration. Genetics could be a factor, if some programmed shift could be identified. Environmental conditions of the living and nonliving habitat could be a factor. Either way, the chemistry and observed changes of pigment molecules in the aphids can be studied with the scientific method.
-What is the link between colored pigment molecules and other organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)   The DNA molecule genetic sequence regulates protein molecule function, which can specifically modify pigment structure that affects color.
B)   In the case of the aphids, the pigment molecules of bacteria are genetically passed on to the DNA of infected aphids.
C)   This one group of aphids can easily alter the pigment molecule structure by modifying its DNA nucleotide sequence and building new proteins.
D)   Pigment molecules are complex, made up of all four of the other organic molecule groups.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Of the 20 common amino acids in all organisms,essential amino acids are those we must consume in food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The comparison listed below that is not true in distinguishing DNA from RNA is that

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA has a main function of storing our genetic code, while RNA is used in units to build specific proteins in a cell.
B)   DNA is a long two-sided molecule while RNA is a shorter single-sided molecule.
C)   DNA and RNA share all nucleotides, except that RNA has Uracil instead of Thymine.
D)   DNA is a molecule that stores and regulates our genetics, while RNA is used for cellular energy storage and release for biological functions.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Life

Algal phytoplankton are single-celled water organisms that can do photosynthesis like plants.In a lake,summer growth of phytoplankton can change the water pH from pH 7.2 to 6.2.This change indicates all of these except

Correct Answer
verified

You collect and measure samples of ice and surrounding ice water from a stream in the Winter.You find that you collected the same number of water molecules in each form.Water in the ice (solid) form floats in water of the liquid form because

Correct Answer
verified

The ring structure of glucose indicates that it is a(an)

Correct Answer
verified

In living cells,a process by which cells break polymers down into monomers by breaking covalent bonds is

Correct Answer
verified

Of the 20 common amino acids in all organisms,essential amino acids are those we must consume in food.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Carbon and hydrogen make up many biologically important molecules.Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55 while hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.0.On the scale of electronegativity from zero (0) to four (4) ,the carbon and hydrogens shown here have just formed

Correct Answer
verified

Trees are able to transport water from the roots to the top branches because

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

The group of organic molecule polymers with the most complex and diverse three-dimensional structure are

Correct Answer
verified

Blood pH is closely maintained at a pH of 7.4.A patient whose blood pH drops below 7.35 is suffering from metabolic acidosis and can go into a coma.What happens to the concentration of H⁺ ions in a patient with a blood pH of 6.4?

Correct Answer
verified

The first energy shell of an atom contains a maximum of ________ electron(s) .

Correct Answer
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____ bonds are formed between monomers to form a polymer.

Correct Answer
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Given this information from one element in the periodic table of elements,the number of neutrons and protons is

Correct Answer
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The comparison listed below that is not true in distinguishing DNA from RNA is that

Correct Answer
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A substance in which other substances dissolve is called a solute.

Correct Answer
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The four major groups of organic compounds are

Correct Answer
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Organic molecules are defined as chemical compounds that chiefly contain ______ in fairly distinct ratios and structures.

Correct Answer
verified

If a carbohydrate polymer is limited to two monomer units,such as sucrose made from glucose and fructose,it is called

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Life

Algal phytoplankton are single-celled water organisms that can do photosynthesis like plants.In a lake,summer growth of phytoplankton can change the water pH from pH 7.2 to 6.2.This change indicates all of these except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You collect and measure samples of ice and surrounding ice water from a stream in the Winter.You find that you collected the same number of water molecules in each form.Water in the ice (solid) form floats in water of the liquid form because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ring structure of glucose indicates that it is a(an)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In living cells,a process by which cells break polymers down into monomers by breaking covalent bonds is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the 20 common amino acids in all organisms,essential amino acids are those we must consume in food.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon and hydrogen make up many biologically important molecules.Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55 while hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.0.On the scale of electronegativity from zero (0) to four (4) ,the carbon and hydrogens shown here have just formed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Trees are able to transport water from the roots to the top branches because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The group of organic molecule polymers with the most complex and diverse three-dimensional structure are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood pH is closely maintained at a pH of 7.4.A patient whose blood pH drops below 7.35 is suffering from metabolic acidosis and can go into a coma.What happens to the concentration of H+ ions in a patient with a blood pH of 6.4?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first energy shell of an atom contains a maximum of ________ electron(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ bonds are formed between monomers to form a polymer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given this information from one element in the periodic table of elements,the number of neutrons and protons is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The comparison listed below that is not true in distinguishing DNA from RNA is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A substance in which other substances dissolve is called a solute.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The four major groups of organic compounds are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organic molecules are defined as chemical compounds that chiefly contain ______ in fairly distinct ratios and structures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a carbohydrate polymer is limited to two monomer units,such as sucrose made from glucose and fructose,it is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Blood pH is closely maintained at a pH of 7.4.A patient whose blood pH drops below 7.35 is suffering from metabolic acidosis and can go into a coma.What happens to the concentration of H⁺ ions in a patient with a blood pH of 6.4?

Correct Answer
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