Question 1

What does the fossil record tell us?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the fossil record tell us?...

Question 2

Selection that favors one extreme of the array of phenotypes is called _____________ selection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Selection that favors one extreme of the...

Question 3

Darwin's 1859 book was entitled _____________.

Accepted Answer

On the Origin of Spe...

Question 4

The evidence for evolution includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fossil record.
B)   The molecular record.
C)   Anatomical record
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

The purpose of the voyage of the HMS Beagle was to

Accepted Answer

A)   discover new routes to the New World.
B)   survey the living creatures on islands only.
C)   map navigational routes around the coasts of South America.
D)   search for gold.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

In a large population of flowers,the frequency of a trait's recessive allele is 0.4.What is the frequency of the trait's dominant allele?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.16
B)   0.6
C)   0.4
D)   0.36E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 7

Biochemical changes that occur in organisms through time can help us

Accepted Answer

A)   infer relatedness.
B)   construct molecular family trees.
C)   understand how groups of organisms changed through time.
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is based on a number of assumptions.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mating occurs nonrandomly,and mates exert preferences.
B)   The size of the population is large.
C)   There is no migration.
D)   There are no mutations.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

The finches,giant tortoises,and other organisms on the ___________________ Islands influenced Darwin's studies greatly.

Accepted Answer

Galapagos

Question 10

Much of the evolutionary history of vertebrates can be seen in the way in which their ________ develop.

Accepted Answer

A)   digestive tracts
B)   embryos
C)   brains
D)   appendages
E)   eyesF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Why were people so upset about Darwin's ideas in On the Origin of Species?

Accepted Answer

People were upset about Charles Darwin's ideas presented in "On the Origin of Species" for several reasons, primarily because his theory of evolution by natural selection challenged the prevailing views of the time on several fronts:

1. **Religious Beliefs**: The most significant opposition to Darwin's ideas came from religious circles. His theory of evolution suggested that species, including humans, were not created in their present form by a divine being but rather evolved over millions of years from common ancestors. This contradicted the literal interpretation of the creation story found in the Bible and other religious texts, which many people believed to be the absolute truth.

2. **Human Superiority**: Darwin's theory implied that humans were not the pinnacle of creation, set apart from the animal kingdom, but rather one part of the evolutionary tree. This was a blow to the anthropocentric view that humans were unique and superior to other forms of life, which was a deeply ingrained belief in Victorian society.

3. **Social and Moral Implications**: Some people feared that Darwin's ideas would undermine the moral and social fabric of society. They worried that if humans were seen as just another animal species, this could justify social Darwinism (the idea that the strong should see their wealth and power increase while the weak should see their wealth and power decrease) and eugenics (the practice of selective breeding to improve the human race), leading to a breakdown in morality and social order.

4. **Scientific Community**: Even within the scientific community, there was resistance. Darwin's theory challenged the established natural history and biological sciences. Many scientists were committed to alternative theories such as creationism or Lamarckism (the idea that organisms could pass on traits acquired during their lifetime to their offspring).

5. **Lack of Immediate Evidence**: At the time "On the Origin of Species" was published, the fossil record was not as well understood as it is today, and the mechanisms of genetics (which would later provide substantial support for Darwin's theory through the work of Gregor Mendel and others) were unknown. This lack of concrete evidence made some people skeptical of Darwin's claims.

6. **Philosophical Resistance**: Darwin's ideas also had implications for philosophy and the understanding of human nature. If humans were the result of natural processes rather than a special creation, this raised questions about the nature of the soul, free will, and the purpose of life.

In summary, Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was revolutionary because it provided a naturalistic explanation for the diversity of life on Earth, which conflicted with the dominant religious, cultural, and scientific views of the time. The upset it caused was due to the profound implications it had for how people understood the world, their place in it, and the nature of life itself.

Question 12

Darwin's main tenet of natural selection was that

Accepted Answer

A)   only the oldest live to reproduce.
B)   organisms can acquire advantageous adaptations as they encounter new habitats.
C)   death limits population size and those individuals that produce the most offspring are more likely to survive.
D)   every organism has the potential to produce more offspring than can survive and those individuals that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

In human infants,there has long been evolution toward having the highest survival rate at a 6-7 pound birth weight.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection.
B)   disruptive selection.
C)   stabilizing or balancing selection.
D)   random chance.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Two species of birds occur in the same area but occupy different habitats,and they do not mate.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   behavorial isolation.
B)   mechanical isolation.
C)   ecological isolation.
D)   temporal isolation.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Darwin's evidence that evolution occurs included

Accepted Answer

A)   the existence of fossils that closely resembled living specimens.
B)   a distinctive distribution of plants and animals in lands with similar climates that were not physically connected.
C)   unique but similar species on several nearby islands.
D)   All of these were Darwin's evidence for evolution.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

All of the following are correct about Intelligent Design except

Accepted Answer

A)   it is the same as Creationism.
B)   it is scientifically testable.
C)   it has been overwhelmingly rejected by the scientific community.
D)   it describes biological systems as being irreducibly complex.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

In a certain population,the frequency of a dominant allele is represented by p = 0.7,and the frequency of the recessive allele is represented by 0.3.What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   0.5
C)   0.42
D)   0.01E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Changes in DNA and genes are introduced into populations through ____________,the ultimate source of variation.

Accepted Answer

A)   selection
B)   genetic drift
C)   mutation
D)   migrationE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Bees may pick up pollen of one species on a certain place on their bodies;if this area does not come into contact with the receptive structures of the flowers of another plant species,the pollen is not transferred.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   temporal isolation.
B)   mechanical isolation.
C)   ecological isolation.
D)   geographical isolation.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

What is the process of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the process of natural selection?...

Exam 14: Evolution and Natural Selection

What does the fossil record tell us?

Correct Answer
verified

Selection that favors one extreme of the array of phenotypes is called _____________ selection.

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin's 1859 book was entitled _____________.

Correct Answer
verified
On the Origin of Spe...
View Answer

The evidence for evolution includes which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

The purpose of the voyage of the HMS Beagle was to

Correct Answer
verified

In a large population of flowers,the frequency of a trait's recessive allele is 0.4.What is the frequency of the trait's dominant allele?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Biochemical changes that occur in organisms through time can help us

Correct Answer
verified

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is based on a number of assumptions.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Correct Answer
verified

The finches,giant tortoises,and other organisms on the ___________________ Islands influenced Darwin's studies greatly.

Correct Answer
verified
Galapagos

Much of the evolutionary history of vertebrates can be seen in the way in which their ________ develop.

Correct Answer
verified

Why were people so upset about Darwin's ideas in On the Origin of Species?

Darwin's main tenet of natural selection was that

Correct Answer
verified

In human infants,there has long been evolution toward having the highest survival rate at a 6-7 pound birth weight.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Two species of birds occur in the same area but occupy different habitats,and they do not mate.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin's evidence that evolution occurs included

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are correct about Intelligent Design except

Correct Answer
verified

In a certain population,the frequency of a dominant allele is represented by p = 0.7,and the frequency of the recessive allele is represented by 0.3.What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype?

Correct Answer
verified

Changes in DNA and genes are introduced into populations through ____________,the ultimate source of variation.

Correct Answer
verified

Bees may pick up pollen of one species on a certain place on their bodies;if this area does not come into contact with the receptive structures of the flowers of another plant species,the pollen is not transferred.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

What is the process of natural selection?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Evolution and Natural Selection

What does the fossil record tell us?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selection that favors one extreme of the array of phenotypes is called _____________ selection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin's 1859 book was entitled _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedOn the Origin of Spe...View AnswerShow Answer

The evidence for evolution includes which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of the voyage of the HMS Beagle was to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a large population of flowers,the frequency of a trait's recessive allele is 0.4.What is the frequency of the trait's dominant allele?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Biochemical changes that occur in organisms through time can help us

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is based on a number of assumptions.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The finches,giant tortoises,and other organisms on the ___________________ Islands influenced Darwin's studies greatly.

Correct AnswerverifiedGalapagos

Much of the evolutionary history of vertebrates can be seen in the way in which their ________ develop.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why were people so upset about Darwin's ideas in On the Origin of Species?

Darwin's main tenet of natural selection was that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In human infants,there has long been evolution toward having the highest survival rate at a 6-7 pound birth weight.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two species of birds occur in the same area but occupy different habitats,and they do not mate.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin's evidence that evolution occurs included

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are correct about Intelligent Design except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a certain population,the frequency of a dominant allele is represented by p = 0.7,and the frequency of the recessive allele is represented by 0.3.What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in DNA and genes are introduced into populations through ____________,the ultimate source of variation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bees may pick up pollen of one species on a certain place on their bodies;if this area does not come into contact with the receptive structures of the flowers of another plant species,the pollen is not transferred.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the process of natural selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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On the Origin of Spe...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

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Galapagos

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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