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Exam 17: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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The concept of "immunologically privileged" explains why the CNS ________.

A) has a greater immune response than the rest of the body
B) has a reduced immune response compared to the rest of the body
C) has a completely different set of immune responses
D) has more MHC markers than other tissues
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is not a prion disease?

A) Scrapie
B) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
C) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
D) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
E) All of the choices are prion diseases.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Question 3

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The foodborne disease that involves neurotoxin is ________.

Tetanus differs from botulism in that ________.

Treatment for Neisseria meningitidis consists of ________.

Toxoplasmosis prevention includes ________.

An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volunteer in a medical clinic. The clinic is in an underdeveloped rural area. A 5-year-old boy is brought into the clinic with a high fever, sore throat, body aches, and weakness. Through the translator, the nurse finds out that the boy has been sick for about a week. He is noted to be barefoot and his mother reports he plays in area ponds to stay cool. -Which of the following diseases should the nurse be most concerned about,considering the patient's presentation?  

A 20-year-old female college student is admitted to the intensive care unit from the emergency department. The patient lives in a dormitory at her university and her roommate brought her to the hospital because "she is not acting like herself." The patient was previously healthy to the roommate's knowledge, involved in campus activities, and an excellent student. The RN collects the patient's history of present illness from her roommate. About two weeks prior, the patient began feeling ill. She had nasal congestion and was diagnosed with a sinus infection at the student health clinic. However, the patient reportedly decided against taking the prescribed antibiotics because she did not believe they were necessary. She developed high fevers and one day ago began complaining of a stiff neck. That morning, she was more lethargic, making nonsensical statements, and had a fever of 105°F. Her roommate was frightened by her change in behavior and drove her to the hospital. -A lumbar puncture is performed,which confirms a diagnosis of meningitis.The pathology report indicates that the cerebral spinal fluid sample was found to have gram-positive cocci in pairs and the patient is diagnosed with pneumococcus.What is the causative organism?

Which type of neuroglia has phagocytic capabilities in the CNS?

Arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis develop into ________ that will release endospores into the lungs.

All of the following pertain to poliomyelitis except ________.

While the nervous system is believed to be free from microbiota in the healthy state,research has shown that the gut microbiome plays an important role in the development of the nervous system.

Botulism is often referred to as lockjaw.

Prions can be destroyed by autoclaving.

An RN is part of a team that has traveled to sub-Saharan Africa to volunteer in a medical clinic. The clinic is in an underdeveloped rural area. A 5-year-old boy is brought into the clinic with a high fever, sore throat, body aches, and weakness. Through the translator, the nurse finds out that the boy has been sick for about a week. He is noted to be barefoot and his mother reports he plays in area ponds to stay cool. -Serological testing on the patient's cerebral spinal fluid confirms a diagnosis of polio.What is the best treatment modality?  

Polio virus initially multiplies in the ________.

Prophylactic rifampin is indicated for individuals in close contact with patients infected by ________.

Tetanus can be prevented with the DTaP childhood immunization and boosters of the tetanus toxoid.

Spongiform encephalopathies are ________.

Which of the following pertains to both tetanus and foodborne botulism?