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Exam 9: Motivating the Workforce

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Question 31

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What is a major difference between the Theory X and Theory Y views of management?

A) Theory X takes into account people's needs for companionship, esteem, and personal growth, whereas Theory Y does not.
B) Theory Y takes into account people's needs for companionship, esteem, and personal growth, whereas Theory X does not.
C) Theory Y managers maintain more control and supervision over their employees than Theory X managers.
D) Theory X managers believe that workers like to work, while Theory Y managers believe that the average worker dislikes work and will avoid it when possible.
E) Theory Y managers believe that the average worker prefers to be directed, while Theory X managers believe that people will exercise self-direction and self-control to achieve objectives to which they are committed.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Question 32

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What is the difference between Theory X and Theory Y managers as it relates to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

A) Theory X managers focus on self-actualization needs, while Theory Y managers only focus on physiological and security needs.
B) Theory X managers focus on esteem and social needs, while Theory Y managers only focus on self-actualization needs.
C) Theory X managers only focus on self-actualization needs, while Theory Y managers focus on all the other types of needs.
D) Theory X managers focus on the high-level needs, while Theory Y managers focus on the low-level needs.
E) Theory X managers focus on physiological and security needs, while Theory Y managers address Maslow's high-level needs as well as physiological and security needs.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Question 33

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Marco works at a grocery store. He started six months ago as a bagger, but recently, his boss recognized his hard work, promoted him to cashier, and gave him a raise. Marco's promotion and raise are examples of

April, a coffee shop manager, penalizes employees for reporting late to work. This measure has gone a long way in ensuring that employees arrive on time. The step taken by April best reflects

What strategy benefits both companies and employees since it increases a company's ability to recruit and retain workers and allows employees to balance work and home life by allowing them to choose their starting and ending times, as long as they are there during a specified core period?

Jon is a salesman for a security company and has been working in his field for over 20 years. Recently, he noticed that his sales haven't been as high as the sales of some of his younger co-workers. He recognizes the need to increase his sales. What is something he might do to satisfy this need and achieve success?

A company has started using methods to give employees more responsibility and control and to involve them more in their work. The company views employees as team members and encourages them to share their ideas about how to improve its technology products. What is the benefit to using these methods?

Elton Mayo and his team conducted research on workplace conditions and productivity at the Hawthorne Works Plant of the Western Electric Company from 1924 to 1932. Throughout the study, as Mayo and his team introduced various physical conditions, the workers' productivity increased. When the researchers asked the workers about their behavior, they expressed

What theory is based on the idea that employees try to maintain fairness or balance between inputs and outputs as compared to others in similar positions?

Job enlargement strategies differ from job rotation strategies in that job enlargement

Hallie manages a fitness club, which employs front desk personnel, personal trainers, and fitness instructors. She wants to motivate her employees to work hard and maintain high levels of productivity. What should Hallie do to motivate her employees?

Lawlor Inc., a pharmaceutical company, allows its employees to work at home a few days per week, staying connected via computers, modems, and telephones. This arrangement is called

The field of human relations has become increasingly important over the years as businesses strive to understand how to do all of the following EXCEPT

According to Maslow's hierarchy, a person buying insurance with income protection is attempting to satisfy physiological needs.

Soumya manages a small diner. She notices some of her employees stealing fries and other food off patron's plates before bringing the food out to the tables. When she sees employees doing this, she punishes them by taking a portion of their tips and distributing that money to the employees who don't steal food from plates. What is an undesirable long-term side effect that may result from such punishments?

The managers of a meat packing plant believe that the average person dislikes work and will avoid it when possible. As a result, they focus on coercing, controlling, directing, and threatening their workers with punishment to get them to work toward achieving the company's objectives. One method they initiated was an employee ranking system that ranked 50 percent of employees as below expectations. This company has adopted

Hiroaki teaches karate at a large martial arts studio. He emphasizes self-discipline and self-motivation throughout the class. At the end of class, he always gives students a piece of candy from the treasure chest as reward for good discipline. One week he was out of candy, and several students threw tantrums, showing a lack of self-discipline. What should Hiroaki do if he wants students to show self-discipline even when there is no reward?

Al works for a company that books vacation rentals. He is a competitive person, so he needs to feel like he can bring in more customers and book more rentals than the other employees. When he is able to book more rentals than his co-workers, he feels a high level of self-respect as well as respect from others. This scenario describes how Al fulfills his ________ needs.

Tanker Corp., an oil tank manufacturing company, allocates one task to an employee working from 8:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. and allocates the same task to be completed by another employee working from 12:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. This is an example of job

What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies?