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Exam 2: Chemical Basis of Life

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Which atom will become a positively charged ion?

A) An atom that loses an electron
B) An atom that gains an electron
C) An atom that gains a neutron
D) An atom that loses a neutron

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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What is the atomic number for an atom with 12 protons and 11 neutrons?

A) 11
B) 12
C) 23
D) 24

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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A primary, secondary, and tertiary structure describe the structure of what type of organic compound?

X + Y → XYThis reaction is an example of a(n) _____________ reaction.

Particles within an atom called __________ lack an electrical charge.

What is indicated by the formula H ₂O?

Protons and electrons are similar in size.

A __________ is a substance that dissolves in another substance, called the __________.

When two pairs of electrons are shared, the resulting bond is called a double covalent bond.

The first (innermost) electron shell of an atom can hold a maximum of __________ electrons.

Consider the chemical reaction: H ₂SO ₄ → HSO ₄ ^- + H ⁺. In this reaction, is H ₂SO ₄ an acid or a base?

Ninety-five percent (95%) of the human body (by weight) is made up of what four elements?

Within a solution, buffers combine with hydrogen ions when H ⁺ ions are in excess or they donate hydroxide ions when H ⁺ ions are depleted.

Within a water molecule, the shared electrons forming the bonds between the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom spend more time at the oxygen end of the molecule than at the hydrogen end. These are examples of __________ bonds.

Steroid molecules consist of four connected rings of carbon atoms.

What type of organic compound will have amino groups, carboxyl groups, and R groups?

Inorganic substances called __________ dissociate in water, releasing ions.

The atomic weight of an atom of an element equals the number of neutrons in its nucleus.

Adding a(an) __________ to a solution will cause the pH of the solution to decrease.

The order of amino acids within a polypeptide chain makes up the __________ structure of the molecule.