Question 1

Lymphocytes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   possess MHC antigens for recognizing self
B)   have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens
C)   gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self
D)   develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of specificity
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

Gamma-delta T cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are considered a bridge between nonspecific and specific immune responses
B)   have T cell-receptors that target a wide range of antigens
C)   can bind to, and become activated by PAMPs
D)   differentiate into memory cells
E)   All of the choices are true.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Antitoxins ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules
B)   are always genetically engineered
C)   contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses
D)   confer passive immunity
E)   utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigenF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Human B lymphocytes mature in an intestinal region called the bursa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The diversity and specificity of the lymphocyte repertoire against any potential antigen it may encounter is due to the rearrangement of gene segments that code for the antigen receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Immunotherapy is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   use of antitoxins
B)   use of immune serum globulin
C)   conferring of passive immunity
D)   administering of preformed antibodies
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is not a property of B cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Produce plasma cells and memory cells
B)   Low numbers circulating in the blood
C)   Require antigen presented with MHC proteins
D)   Receptors called immunoglobins
E)   Mature in the bone marrowF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Which immunoglobulin class(es)  can fix complement?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgM only
B)   IgG only
C)   IgD only
D)   IgM and IgG
E)   IgE and IgAF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Properties of effective antigens include all the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are foreign to the immune system
B)   have molecular complexity
C)   are large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000
D)   have large polymers made up of repeating subunits
E)   are cells or large, complex moleculesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What kind of immunity will be conferred to the infant through vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)   Active natural immunity
B)   Passive natural immunity
C)   Passive artificial immunity
D)   Active artificial immunityE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

To be an effective antigen, a molecule would ideally be small, and consist of repeating units with similar structure, such as a trisaccharide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Edward Jenner's work involved ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   inoculation of dried pus from smallpox pustules into a person to stimulate immunity
B)   development of passive immunotherapy
C)   development of an immunization to protect people against cowpox
D)   immunization using a related, less pathogenic organism to give protection against a more pathogenic one
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neutralization
B)   Opsonization
C)   Complement fixation
D)   Agglutination
E)   Anamnestic responseF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly varied from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   variable region
B)   joining region
C)   constant region
D)   light region
E)   hinge regionF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Vaccinating a child against a dangerous pathogen not only protects that child from disease, but it also protects society as a whole, since herd immunity in the population is maintained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   superantigens
B)   heterophilic antigens
C)   allergens
D)   autoantigens
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

The parents are concerned when they hear that vaccines consist of whole microbes, even if they have been inactivated. They state that they do not want whole bacteria being put into their son. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacteria is inactive, so there's no risk of it harming your son.
B)   The chances of the bacteria infecting your son are very slim.
C)   Currently available vaccines have do not contain whole bacteria.
D)   Vaccines are refrigerated and the cold inhibits mutations.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The benefit of specific immunity is the production of ________ that provide long-lasting protection.

Accepted Answer

A)   antibodies
B)   plasma cells
C)   T helper cells
D)   memory cells
E)   phagocytotic cellsF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neutralization
B)   Opsonization
C)   Complement fixation
D)   Agglutination
E)   Memory responseF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Exam 13: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Antitoxins ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What kind of immunity will be conferred to the infant through vaccination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The benefit of specific immunity is the production of ________ that provide long-lasting protection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamma-delta T cells ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a property of B cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which immunoglobulin class(es) can fix complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Properties of effective antigens include all the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edward Jenner's work involved ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parents are concerned when they hear that vaccines consist of whole microbes, even if they have been inactivated. They state that they do not want whole bacteria being put into their son. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immunotherapy is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Human B lymphocytes mature in an intestinal region called the bursa.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly varied from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lymphocytes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The diversity and specificity of the lymphocyte repertoire against any potential antigen it may encounter is due to the rearrangement of gene segments that code for the antigen receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To be an effective antigen, a molecule would ideally be small, and consist of repeating units with similar structure, such as a trisaccharide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vaccinating a child against a dangerous pathogen not only protects that child from disease, but it also protects society as a whole, since herd immunity in the population is maintained.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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