Question 1

Enterobius vermicularis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a whipworm
B)   common only to the tropics and subtropics
C)   an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and fomites
D)   often fatal in heavy infestations
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Outbreaks of which protozoan disease have been associated with fecal-contaminated imported raspberries and also fresh greens and drinking water?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cryptosporidiosis
B)   Cyclosporiasis
C)   Trichinosis
D)   Toxoplasmosis
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

E. coli O157:H7 secretes shiga exotoxin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Entamoeba histolytica is acquired by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ingestion of cysts of the pathogen
B)   contaminated food
C)   contaminated water
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Carriers of hepatitis B virus are not common.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is not true of schistosomiasis?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is caused by blood flukes
B)   Larvae called cercariae can invade intact skin
C)   It may cause liver swelling or malfunction
D)   Worms can invade the brain
E)   It can "cloak" itself with proteins in the bloodF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Inflammation of the liver with necrosis of the hepatocytes and swelling due to a mononuclear response is a disease called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hepatitis
B)   jaundice
C)   liver cancer
D)   mononucleosis
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

A)   The gut microbiome, while playing an important role in gastrointestinal function, does not influence other systems in the body.
B)   Many organisms of the microbiome are commensals but others are mutualistic; they synthesize important molecules, such as vitamins, that humans cannot make themselves.
C)   The GI microbiome plays a role in "teaching" the immune system how to recognize and react to foreign cells.
D)   The gut microbiome plays a protective role by preventing the growth of pathogens through microbial antagonism.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which is not a characteristic of Helicobacter pylori?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gram negative
B)   Produces enteroxin that causes diarrhea
C)   Curved rods
D)   Lives in the stomach
E)   Produces urease that buffers stomach acidityF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Shigella species have the following characteristics except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   they are nonmotile, gram-negative rods
B)   the reservoir is human carriers
C)   produce urease and hydrogen sulfide
D)   they infect the large intestine
E)   they produce enterotoxin called shiga toxinF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Which is not true of Clostridium difficile?

Accepted Answer

A)   A gram-positive, endospore forming rod
B)   Part of normal intestinal biota
C)   Infection precipitated by broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
D)   Also called pseudomembranous colitis
E)   Produces "rice-water" stoolsF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

E. coli O157:H7 characteristics include all the following except it ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   only causes occupational illness in people who work with animals
B)   is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated, undercooked food, especially hamburger
C)   causes a bloody diarrhea
D)   has a reservoir of cattle intestines
E)   in some cases goes on to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)  with possible kidney failureF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Despite acidic conditions, some microorganisms have been found residing within the human stomach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Salmonelloses are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   not caused by Salmonella typhi
B)   associated with undercooked poultry and eggs, and reptile and rodent feces
C)   types of gastroenteritis with vomiting and diarrhea
D)   treated with fluid and electrolyte replacement
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

General symptoms of helminth infection include all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   eggs, larvae, or adult worms found in feces
B)   increased sensitivity to helminth antigens
C)   intense abdominal pain
D)   increased eosinophil count
E)   vague nauseaF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Natural defenses of the GI tract include mechanical factors, such as peristalsis, and chemical factors, such as secretory IgA on the surface of the intestines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Cysticercosis is common in Latin America. The increasing population of Latinos in the United States has brought with it an increase in T. solium infection, so American physicians can now rapidly diagnose and treat all cases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which organ of the GI tract has a large commensal population of microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   Liver
B)   Salivary glands
C)   Pancreas
D)   Large intestine
E)   Small intestineF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

The child's parents ask the nurse to explain why their child has not received antibiotics. Which of the following statements are true about the use of antibiotic therapy in HUS?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antibiotics are of no help and may increase the pathology
B)   There are no antibiotics that can effectively treat E. coli
C)   Antibiotic therapy may stunt the immune system response
D)   Antibiotics are reserved for the most virulent cases of HUS, specifically patients receiving dialysisE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

A common food intoxication is caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Staphylococcus aureus
B)   Staphylococcus epidermidis
C)   Staphylococcus saprophyticus
D)   Streptococcus pyogenes
E)   Streptococcus agalactiaeF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 20: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

E. coli O157:H7 characteristics include all the following except it ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enterobius vermicularis is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

E. coli O157:H7 secretes shiga exotoxin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not true of Clostridium difficile?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

General symptoms of helminth infection include all of the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Outbreaks of which protozoan disease have been associated with fecal-contaminated imported raspberries and also fresh greens and drinking water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Salmonelloses are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carriers of hepatitis B virus are not common.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural defenses of the GI tract include mechanical factors, such as peristalsis, and chemical factors, such as secretory IgA on the surface of the intestines.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The child's parents ask the nurse to explain why their child has not received antibiotics. Which of the following statements are true about the use of antibiotic therapy in HUS?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Despite acidic conditions, some microorganisms have been found residing within the human stomach.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cysticercosis is common in Latin America. The increasing population of Latinos in the United States has brought with it an increase in T. solium infection, so American physicians can now rapidly diagnose and treat all cases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not a characteristic of Helicobacter pylori?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shigella species have the following characteristics except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of schistosomiasis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inflammation of the liver with necrosis of the hepatocytes and swelling due to a mononuclear response is a disease called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organ of the GI tract has a large commensal population of microorganisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A common food intoxication is caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Entamoeba histolytica is acquired by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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