Question 1

The term heterotroph refers to an organism that

Accepted Answer

A)   uses CO2 for its carbon source.
B)   must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs.
C)   gets energy from sunlight.
D)   gets energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds.
E)   does not need a carbon source.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

A microorganism that does not have catalase or superoxide dismutase would find it difficult to live in an environment with

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon dioxide.
B)   oxygen.
C)   high salt.
D)   temperatures above 37°C.
E)   high acidity.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

What compound has the highest concentration in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   CO2
B)   CH4
C)   H2O
D)   glucose
E)   NH3F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

The degree of turbidity in a broth culture correlates to the amount of cell growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Why do bacterial cells require calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)   It stabilizes the cell wall.
B)   It stabilizes the ribosomes.
C)   It stabilizes the nucleoid.
D)   It maintains cellular pH.
E)   It makes strong bones.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called

Accepted Answer

A)   facilitated diffusion.
B)   diffusion.
C)   active transport.
D)   osmosis.
E)   endocytosis.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 7

The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   binary fission.
B)   growth curve.
C)   generation time.
D)   death phase.
E)   culture time.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Archaea as a group are not pathogens. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)   they evolved without mammals.
B)   mammals evolved special defenses against them.
C)   mammalian hosts do not meet their environmental requirements.
D)   they are out-competed by natural flora.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following is an important mineral ion that is a component of chloroplasts and stabilizer of membranes and ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   iron
B)   zinc
C)   calcium
D)   magnesium
E)   potassiumF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Phosphorus is one of the major elements needed in larger quantities by microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each _____ on the agar surface represents one _____ from the sample.

Accepted Answer

A)   cell; cell
B)   cell; colony
C)   colony; cell
D)   species; colony
E)   generation; cellF) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is an)

Accepted Answer

A)   aerobe.
B)   obligate aerobe.
C)   facultative anaerobe.
D)   microaerophile.
E)   obligate anaerobe.F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Which term refers to a nutrient that is required by a microorganism in large quantities for use in cell structure and metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)   element
B)   macronutrient
C)   growth factor
D)   trace elementE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Inorganic nitrogen must be converted to ammonia to be used by a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Bacteria have an average generation time of 24 hours.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing is the

Accepted Answer

A)   lag phase.
B)   log phase.
C)   stationary phase.
D)   death phase.
E)   prophase.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The type of photosynthesis that does not produce oxygen

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs in cyanobacteria.
B)   does not require CO2 as a reactant.
C)   occurs in purple and green sulfur bacteria.
D)   does not require sunlight.
E)   occurs in algae and plants.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following is the largest component of the dry weight of a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   inorganic compounds
B)   minerals
C)   water
D)   organic compounds
E)   saltsF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

When microbes share a habitat, with each providing a necessary nutrient for the other, the relationship is called

Accepted Answer

A)   syntrophy.
B)   satellitism.
C)   antibiosis.
D)   antagonism.
E)   autotrophy.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

An organism that uses CO2 for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a/an

Accepted Answer

A)   heterotroph.
B)   photoautotroph.
C)   chemoheterotroph.
D)   saprobe.
E)   halotroph.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 7: Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

A microorganism that does not have catalase or superoxide dismutase would find it difficult to live in an environment with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each _____ on the agar surface represents one _____ from the sample.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism that uses CO2 for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a/an

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of photosynthesis that does not produce oxygen

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is an)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When microbes share a habitat, with each providing a necessary nutrient for the other, the relationship is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term heterotroph refers to an organism that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What compound has the highest concentration in a cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the largest component of the dry weight of a cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inorganic nitrogen must be converted to ammonia to be used by a cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria have an average generation time of 24 hours.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphorus is one of the major elements needed in larger quantities by microorganisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea as a group are not pathogens. This is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which term refers to a nutrient that is required by a microorganism in large quantities for use in cell structure and metabolism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The degree of turbidity in a broth culture correlates to the amount of cell growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do bacterial cells require calcium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important mineral ion that is a component of chloroplasts and stabilizer of membranes and ribosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each _ on the agar surface represents one _ from the sample.

Correct Answer
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An organism that uses CO₂ for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a/an

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